Internet Folklore: Sociocultural Implications of Folkloric Narratives and Characters in Contemporary Online Communities
Ellen Walker
Project overview —

This thesis explores how traditional folkloric practices and activities such as narrative dissemination, ritual behaviours, and symbolic appropriation have shaped and adapted to the sociocultural dynamics of digital media. Drawing from folklore studies, digital humanism, and media anthropology, this thesis introduces the Seismic Cultural Event (SCE) model, a theoretical framework for analysing how folkloric activity during significant cultural events is shaped by media innovations of the time. It also analyses specific phenomena in meme culture and contemporary online communities in regard to how they are informed by folkloric tradition. This will demonstrate how folklore, as mediated through contemporary online communities, reflects and informs upon sociocultural change. Methodologically, this thesis employs an interdisciplinary, multi-modal approach in the form of an “illustrated thesis” format that uses comics to both present and steer academic analysis, a method supported by previous studies which have highlighted the format as valuable for engaging in pedagogical and academic contexts.

Biography

Ellen is an award-winning illustrator, comic artist and writer based in the UK. She is currently studying for a PhD in Communications at the Royal College of Art in London, where she also received her MA in Visual Communication in 2021. Her debut graphic novel UNREAL is scheduled to be published by Little, Brown Ink in 2026. She has written for multiple publications including WIRED magazine, History Today and JSTOR Daily.

This comic prefaces the third chapter, entitled “The Folkloric Human Object.” It examines the phenomenon of contemporary online communities projecting the traditional folkloric archetypes of “hero” and “villain” upon real figures, effectively turning them into folkloric human objects.
This comic illustrates the viral Handforth Parish Council Zoom call, exploring how it runs parallel to the conventions of the dragon-slaying hero in British folktales.
This comic illustrates the online treatment of Captain Tom, who was venerated as a hero for fostering the virtues of hope and resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, but mired in controversy due to growing public disillusionment towards institutional responses to the pandemic, and allegations directed at Moore’s charitable foundation.
This comic depicts the interactive, participatory storytelling activities that turned Luigi Mangione into an intensely politicised folkloric human object, crafted as a catch-all symbol of grievances against an exploitative healthcare system.